Question:
Why is it permitted to drink wine on Passover when it is fermented with yeast? Isn't yeast forbidden on Passover?
Answer:
Of the hundreds of species of yeast, the Passover prohibition only applies to yeast which is a product of one of the following five grains: wheat, barley, oat, spelt, or rye. Yeast which is the product of grapes, or its sugars, is not considered chametz (leavened food).
Click here for more about chametz.
Have a Kosher and happy Passover!
Rabbi Dovid Zaklikowski
Chabad.org



Before refrigeration there would be no question on this subject. Passover is in the spring there’s no way to have fresh grape juice in spring. Grapes are harvested in the fall, at passover time your gonna have one of two things alcoholic wine or vinegar. There’s no other way about it.
Even the Mishnah records that In Israel they knew how to boil down paste of the grape juice to preserve it without fermenting. The ancient Greek historians (Pliny in Natural History; & Columella in On Agriculture) record the process of preserving both non alcoholic and alcoholic wine. The Mishnah also mentions the requirement to dilute it with water.